Cessna Service 100 Series Aircraft
### Overview
The Cessna 100 series is a family of light, single-engine aircraft produced by the Cessna Aircraft Company. The series includes the Cessna 150, 172, 177, 180, 182, and 185 models. These aircraft are known for their reliability, versatility, and ease of maintenance, making them popular choices for flight training, personal use, and air taxi operations.
### Design and Construction
The Cessna 100 series aircraft feature a high-wing, cantilever monoplane design with a fixed tricycle landing gear. The fuselage is constructed primarily of aluminum, while the wings are made of a combination of aluminum and composite materials. The aircraft are powered by a variety of piston engines, ranging from 100 horsepower to 180 horsepower.
### Performance and Capabilities
The Cessna 100 series aircraft offer excellent performance and capabilities for their size and class. The aircraft are capable of cruising at speeds of up to 140 knots (260 km/h) and have a range of up to 700 nautical miles (1,300 km). The aircraft are also capable of landing on short, unpaved runways, making them suitable for use in remote areas.
### Safety Features
The Cessna 100 series aircraft are equipped with a variety of safety features to enhance the safety of pilots and passengers. These features include:
* Dual flight controls for added redundancy in case of a single control failure
* A stall warning system to alert the pilot of impending stalls
* A spin recovery parachute to assist the pilot in recovering from spins
* A crash-resistant fuel system to reduce the risk of fuel leaks in the event of an accident
### Versatility and Applications
The Cessna 100 series aircraft are renowned for their versatility and can be used for a wide range of applications, including:
* Flight training: The aircraft are commonly used for primary and advanced flight training due to their ease of handling and low maintenance costs.
* Personal use: The aircraft are ideal for personal use, such as recreational flying, cross-country trips, and weekend getaways.
* Air taxi operations: The aircraft are often used in air taxi operations due to their reliability, comfort, and ability to operate on short runways.
### Legacy and Impact
The Cessna 100 series aircraft have had a significant impact on the aviation industry. Over 200,000 aircraft have been produced since the series was first introduced in the 1950s, making it one of the most popular and widely used aircraft in the world. The aircraft have played a vital role in the development of general aviation and continue to be a popular choice for pilots and aircraft operators around the globe.
The Cessna Service Manual offers detailed servicing instructions for the Cessna 100 Series 1956-1962 aircraft. The Service repair manual will give you complete step by step information on repair, servicing and preventative maintenance for your Cessna. The manual is highly detailed with photos and illustrations to help guide you through every repair and troubleshooting procedure. This manual contains all you need to know to keep your Cessna 100 Series working right and is the only service repair manual you will need. It will help you understand, care for, service and lower the repair and maintenance cost for your Cessna 100 Series.
Covers the following Cessna 100 Series Years & Models
1956 - 172, 180, 182
1957 - 172, 180, 182A
1958 - 172, 175, 180A, 182A
1959 - 150, 172, 175, 180B, 182B
1960 - 150, 172A, 175A, 180C, 182C
1961 - 150A, 172B, 175B, 180D, 182D, 185
1962 - 150B, 172C, 175C, 180E, 182E, 185A
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Language: English
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Cessna 150 Model Information
Production was 122 in 1958, 648 in 1959 and 354 in 1960. [7]
150A
The 1961 model incorporated enough changes to justify a suffix letter and thus was designated the 150A.
The A had its main landing gear moved aft by two inches to eliminate the problem of the aircraft ending up on its tail while loading people and baggage and also to improve nose wheel steering authority.
Cessna 150G on floats
The A also had 15 larger rear side windows and new adjustable seats. 344 were constructed. [7]
150B
The 150B was the 1962 model . It had a new propeller that increased cruise speed by 2 knots (3.7 km/h) and the option of a two-passenger child seat for the baggage compartment. 331 B models were built. [7] The Commuter version cost USD$8,995. [8]
150C
The 1963 model was the C, which introduced the option of larger 6.00X6 inch tires to replace the standard 5.00X5 tires and fuel quick drains. 472 were completed. [7]
150D
The 1964 D model brought the first dramatic change to the 150 - the introduction of a rear window under the marketing name Omni-Vision. The rear window changed the look of the 150 and cost 3 mph (4.8 km/h) in cruise speed. It also resulted in a larger baggage compartment and a greater structural weight allowance for baggage from 80 to 120 lb (54 kg). The square tail fin from previous years was retained for another two years. Elevator and rudder mass balances were increased to reduce flutter potential caused by the less aerodynamic rear fuselage. The gross weight of the aircraft was also increased in 1964 to 1,600 lb (730 kg), where it would stay until the advent of the Cessna 152 . 804 150Ds were built. [7]
Many people find the new cabin more "airy" and pleasant, due to the increased light. [9]
150E
The 1965 Cessna 150E saw only the addition of new seats, although the standard empty weight went up 40 lb (18 kg) that year to 1,010 lb (460 kg). The E model saw production increase to 1637 aircraft. [7]
150F
The 1966 model saw great changes to the 150 design. The fin was swept back 35 degrees to match the styling of the Cessna 172 and other models. The cabin doors were made 23 wider, new brakes were brought in and the 6.00X6 tires were made standard. The previously manual flaps were now electrically actuated through a panel-mounted flap switch. The old electric stall warning system was replaced with a pneumatic-type. The baggage compartment was enlarged by 50. A total of 3087 of the newly styled F models were produced. [7]
1966 was also the first production of French Reims-built F-150s, with 67 built as the F150F. [10] .
150G
In the 1967 model, the instrument panel was redesigned. The doors were bowed out to give three more inches of shoulder and hip room which was needed in the small cabin. The G model also saw a new short-stroke nose oleo introduced to reduce the drag created by the nose wheel assembly. The previously fitted generator was replaced by a 60 amp alternator, reflecting the increasing avionics that the planes were being fitted with.
The G model was also the first Cessna 150 variant certified for floats. A total of 2114 G models were built, plus 152 built by Reims as F150G. [7]
150H
The 1968 model 150 was designated the H. It introduced a new-style center console, designed to improve legroom. A new electric flap switch was also fitted that allowed hands-off retraction of the flaps, but not extension. 2007 150Hs were built in Wichita, with 170 built by Reims as the F150H. [7]
150I
There was no 150 India model as Cessna didn't want it to look like a Cessna 1,501. This didn't stop Cessna from designating an India model Cessna 172 however. [7]
150J
The 150J brought a new key-operated starter that replaced the old pull-style starter. The new starter was more car-like but not as reliable as the old one and more expensive to repair, too.
An auxiliary power plug was made available as an option in 1969, too, along with rocker style electrical switches. 1714 J models were built, plus 140 built by Reims as the F150J.
150K
1970 was the year that Cessna introduced the A150K Aerobat, a Cessna 150 with limited aerobatic capabilities. It retained the 100 horsepower (75 kW) Continental O-200 all 150s used, but the Aerobat had more structural strength. It was rated for +6/-3 g and sported four-point harnesses, skylights, and jetisonable doors, along with checkerboard paint schemes and removable seat cushions so parachutes could be worn. In 1970, an Aerobat cost $12,000 as opposed to the $11,450 for a standard 150. [11]
Both the new Aerobat and the non-aerobatic 150K also sported new conical cambered wingtips in 1970. A total of 832 K models were built, including A150Ks.Reims built 129 as the F150K and 81 as the A150K .
150L
The 150L had the longest production run of any 150 sub-model, being produced 1971-74.
New in 1971 was tubular landing gear legs with a 16 greater width (6 feet 6 inches(1.98 m) to 7 feet 7 inches (2.31 m) for better ground handling. These replaced the previous flat steel leaf spring gear. Also in 1971, the landing and taxi lights were moved from the wing leading edge to the nose bowl to better illuminate the ground. They were an improvement, but bulb life was reduced due to the heat and vibration of that location. They moved back to the wing on the 1984 model Cessna 152.
The L also introduced a longer dorsal strake that reached to the rear window. This was done more for styling than for aerodynamics and the empty weight accordingly went up 10 lb (4.5 kg) over the K. 879 were built in 1971.
In 1972 the L received new fuel filler caps to reduce moisture seepage, and better seats and seat tracks. 1100 were built in 1972.
The 1973 L model brought in lower seats to provide more headroom for taller pilots. 1460 of the 1973 models were built.
The final L model was produced in 1974. The only changes this model year were the propeller on the A150L Aerobat, to a new Clark Y airfoil that increased cruise by 4 mph (6.4 km/h). 1080 150s were produced in 1974. [7]
Total L production was 4519, plus the 485 built by Reims as the F150La and 39 FA150L Aerobats.
150M
The final Cessna 150 model was the 150M. It introduced the Commuter II upgrade package that included many optional avionics and trim items as standard. The M also brought an increased fin height, by 6 inches (150 mm). This increased the rudder and fin area by 15 to improve crosswind handling. The M was produced for three years: 1975-77.
Inertia reel restraints became available as an option with the 1975 model year. 1269 1975 model 150Ms were built.
In 1976 the M gained a suite of electrical circuit breakers to replace the previous fuses used. It also was fitted with a fully-articulated pilot seat as standard equipment. 1399 were constructed.
The 1977 model year was the last for the Cessna 150. It added only pre-select flaps, allowing the pilot to set the flaps to any setting and then leave the aircraft to move the flaps to that position, without the pilot holding the switch. Only 427 1977 model 150Ms were built as production shifted to the improved Cessna 152 in the early part of 1977.
The many refinements incorporated into the 150 over the years had cost the aircraft a lot of useful load. The very first 150 weighed 962 lb (436 kg) empty, whereas the last M Commuter II had an empty weight of 1,129 lb (512 kg). This increase in empty weight of 167 lb (76 kg) was offset only by a gross weight increase of 100 lb (45 kg) in 1964. [4] The 152 would bring a much-needed 70 lb (32 kg) increase in gross weight to 1,670 lb (760 kg).
A total of 3097 M models were built during its three-year run. [7] An additional 285 were built by Reims as the F150M and 141 FA150M Aerobats with the Rolls Royce Continental 0-240-A engine. Reims also built 75 A150Ls with F150M modifications.
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Cessna 172 Model Information
172
The basic 172 appeared in November 1955 as the 1956 model and remained in production until replaced by the 172A in early 1960. It was equipped with a Continental O-300 145 hp (108 kW) six-cylinder, air-cooled engine and had a maximum gross weight of 2,200 lb (998 kg). Introductory base price was USD$8995 and a total of 4195 were constructed over the five years.
172A
The 1960 model 172A introduced a swept back tail and rudder, as well as float fittings. The price was USD$9450 and 1015 were built.
172B
The 172B was introduced in late 1960 as the 1961 model and introduced a shorter undercarriage, engine mounts lengthened three inches (76 mm) , a reshaped cowling and a pointed propeller spinner. For the first time, the "Skyhawk" name was applied to an available deluxe option package. This added optional equipment included full exterior paint to replace the standard partial paint stripes and standard avionics. The gross weight was increased to 2,250 lb (1,021 kg).
172C
The 1962 model was the 172C. It brought to the line an optional autopilot and a key starter to replace the previous pull-starter. The seats were redesigned to be six-way adjustable. A child seat was made optional to allow two children to be carried in the baggage area. The 1962 price was USD$9895. A total of 889 172C models were produced.
172D
The 1963 172D model introduced the lower rear fuselage with wraparound Omni-Vision rear window and a one-piece windshield. New rudder and brake pedals were also added. 1146 172Ds were built.
1963 also saw the introduction of the 172D Powermatic. This was equipped with a Continental GO-300E producing 175 horsepower (130 kW) and a cruise speed 11 mph (18 km/h) faster than the standard 172D. In reality this was not a new model but was a Cessna 175 Skylark that had been renamed for its last year of production. The Skylark had gained a reputation for poor engine reliability and the renaming of it as a 172 was a marketing attempt to regain sales through rebranding. The move was not a success and neither the 1963 Powermatic nor the Skylark were produced again after the 1963 model year.
172E
The 172E was the 1964 model. The electrical fuses were replaced with circuit breakers. Gross weight was increased to 2,300 lb (1,043 kg) where it would stay until the 172P. The 172E also featured a re-designed instrument panel. 1401 172Es were built that year as production continued to increase.
172F
he 1965 model 172F introduced electrically-operated flaps to replace the previous lever-operated system. [5] It was built in France by Reims Cessna as the F172 until 1971. These models formed the basis for the US Air Force's T-41A Mescalero primary trainer.
A total of 1436 172Fs were completed.
172G
The 1966 model year 172G introduced a more pointed spinner and sold for USD$12,450 in its basic 172 version and USD$13,300 in the upgraded Skyhawk version. 1597 were built.
172H
The 1967 model 172H was the last Continental O-300 powered model. It also introduced a shorter-stroke nose gear oleo to reduce drag and improve the appearance of the aircraft in flight. A new cowling was used, introducing shock-mounts that transmitted lower noise-levels to the cockpit and reduced cowl cracking. The electric stall warning horn was replaced by a pneumatic one.
The 1967 model 172H sold for USD $10,950 while the Skyhawk version was USD $12,750. 839 were built that year, representing the first year that production was less than the year before.
172I
he 1968 model marked the beginning of the Lycoming powered 172s. The familiar 172 needed to be re-engined because Cessna had cancelled its contract with Continental for their venerable 0-300 6-cyl engine of 145 hp (108 kW).[citation needed]
The "I" model was introduced with a Lycoming O-320-E2D engine of 150 hp (112 kW), an increase of 5 hp (3.7 kW) over the Continental powerplant. The increased power resulted in an increase in optimal cruise from 130 mph (209 km/h) TAS to 131 mph (211 km/h) TAS. There was no change in the sea level rate of climb at 645 ft (197 m) per minute.
The 172I also introduced the first standard "T" instrument arrangement. The 172I saw an increase in production to record levels with 1206 built.
172J
The Cessna Company planned to drop the previous 172 configuration for the 1968 model year and replace it with a cantilever-wing/stabilator configuration that would be the 172J. However, as time for model introduction neared, those dealers who were aware of the change began applying pressure on the factory to continue the previous configuration. They felt the new model would be less usable as a trainer. Consequently, and at the last minute, the decision was made to continue the 172 in its original configuration. The planned 172J configuration would be introduced as a new model, the 177. The deluxe option would become the 177 Cardinal. The "J" designation was never publicly used.
172K
The next model year was the 1969 "K" model. The 1969 172K had a redesigned vertical fin cap and reshaped rear windows. Optional long range 52 US gal (197 l) wing fuel tanks were offered. The rear windows were slightly enlarged by 16 square inches (103 cm2). The 1969 model sold for USD$12,500 for the 172 and USD$13,995 for the Skyhawk, with 1170 made. [7]
The 1970 model was still called the 172K but sported fiberglass, downward-shaped, conical wing tips. Fully articulated seats were offered as well. Production in 1970 was 759 units.
172L
The 172L, sold during 1971 and 1972, replaced the main landing gear, which were originally flat spring steel with tapered, tubular steel gear legs. The new gear had a width that was increased by 12 in (30 cm). [7] The new tubular gear was lighter, but required aerodynamic fairings to maintain the same speed and climb performance as experienced with the flat steel design. The "L" also had a plastic fairing between the dorsal fin and vertical fin to introduce a greater family resemblance to the 182's vertical fin.
The 1971 model sold for USD $13,425 in the 172 version and USD $14,995 in the Skyhawk version. 827 172Ls were sold in 1971 and 984 in 1972
172M
The 172M of 1973-76 gained a drooped wing leading edge for improved low speed handling. This was marketed as the "camber-lift" wing.
The 1974 172M was also the first to introduce the optional 'II' package which offered higher standard equipment, including a second nav/comm radio, an ADF and transponder. The baggage compartment was increased in size and nose-mounted dual landing lights were available as an option.
The 1975 model 172M sold for USD$16,055 for the 172, USD $17,890 for the Skyhawk and USD$20,335 for the Skyhawk II.
In 1976, Cessna stopped marketing the aircraft as the 172 and began exclusively using the "Skyhawk" designation. This model year also saw a redesigned instrument panel to hold more avionics. Among other changes, the fuel and other small gauges are relocated to the left side for improved pilot readability compared with the earlier 172 panel designs. Total production of "M" models was 7306 over the four years it was manufactured.
172N
The Skyhawk N, or Skyhawk/100 as Cessna termed it, was introduced for the 1977 model year. The "100" designation indicated that it was powered by a Lycoming O-320-H2AD, 160 horsepower (119 kW) engine designed to run on 100 octane fuel, whereas all previous engines used 80/87 fuel. Unfortunately, this engine proved troublesome and it was replaced by the similarly rated O-320-D2J to create the 1981 172P.
The 1977 "N" model 172 also introduced rudder trim as an option and standard "pre-selectable" flaps. The price was USD$22,300, with the Skyhawk/100 II selling for USD$29,950.
The 1978 model brought a 28-volt electrical system to replace the previous 14-volt system. Air conditioning was an option.
The 1979 model "N" increased the flap extension speed for the first 10 degrees to 115 knots (213 km/h). Larger wing tanks increased the optional fuel to 66 US gallons (250 l).
The "N" remained in production until 1980 when the 172P or Skyhawk P was introduced.
172P
The 172P, or Skyhawk P, was introduced in 1981 to solve the reliability problems of the "N" engine. The Lycoming O-320-D2J was a great improvement.
The "P" model also saw the maximum flap deflection decreased from 40 degrees to 30 to allow a gross weight increase from 2,300 lb (1,043 kg) to 2,400 lb (1,089 kg). A wet wing was optional, with a capacity of 62 US gallons of fuel.
The price of a new Skyhawk P was USD$33,950, with the Skyhawk P II costing USD$37,810 and the Nav/Pac equipped Skyhawk P II selling for USD$42,460.
172Q Cutlass
The 172Q was introduced in 1983 and given the name Cutlass to create an affiliation with the 172RG, although it was actually a 172P with a Lycoming O-360-A4N engine of 180 horsepower (134 kW). The aircraft had a gross weight of 2,550 lb (1,157 kg) and an optimal cruise speed of 122 knots (226 km/h) compared to the "P"s cruise speed of 120 knots (222 km/h) on 20 hp (15 kW) less. It had a useful load that was about 100 lb (45 kg) more that the Skyhawk P and a rate of climb that was actually 20 feet (6 m) per minute lower, due to the higher gross weight. Production ended after only three years when all 172 production stopped.
172R
The Skyhawk R was introduced in 1996 and is powered by a derated Lycoming IO-360-L2A producing a maximum of 160 horsepower (120 kW) at just 2,400 rpm. This is the first Cessna 172 to have a factory fitted fuel-injected engine.
The 172R's maximum takeoff weight is 2,450 lb (1,111 kg). This model year introduced many improvements, including a new interior with soundproofing, an all new multi-level ventilation system, a standard four point intercom, contoured, energy absorbing, 26g front seats with vertical and reclining adjustments and inertia reel harnesses.
172S
The Cessna 172S was introduced in 1998 and is powered by a Lycoming IO-360-L2A producing 180 horsepower (134 kW). The maximum engine rpm was increased from 2,400 rpm to 2,700 rpm resulting in a 20 hp (15 kW) increase over the "R" model. As a result, the maximum takeoff weight was increased to 2,550 lb (1,157 kg). This model is marketed under the name Skyhawk SP, although the Type Certification data sheet specifies it is a 172S. The 172S is built primarily for the private owner-operator and is offered with the Garmin G1000 avionics package as standard equipment and leather seats.
Cessna 172RG
Cessna introduced a retractable-gear version of the 172 in 1980 and named it the Cutlass 172RG.
The Cutlass featured a variable pitch, constant speed propeller and more powerful Lycoming O-360-F1A6 engine of 180 horsepower (130 kW). The 172RG sold for about USD$19,000 more than the standard 172 of the same year and produced an optimal cruise speed of 140 knots (260 km/h), compared to 122 knots (226 km/h) for the contemporary 160 horsepower (120 kW) version.
The 172RG did not find wide acceptance in the personal aircraft market, but was adopted by many flight schools as a complex aircraft trainer. Between 1980 and 1984 1177 RGs were built, with a small number following before production ceased in 1985.
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